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Symbol Standart P&ID

    Symbol Standarisation P&ID For Industri Standard piping and instrument symbols are detailed diagrammatic documentation that provides a set of forms & standards for documenting P&IDs and PFDs, including standard shapes for instruments, valves, pumps, heat exchangers, mixers, crushers, vessels, compressors, filters, motors and other connection forms. Here are some symbols on P&ID : So, those are some of the symbols that we will often see when reading piping & instrument diagrams. May be useful.
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Types and Kinds of Electric Welding Machines

Types and Kinds of Electric Welding Machines

Welding is a method of joining metal materials by heating the metal until it reaches the melting temperature of the material and then it is desired and becomes one part. In carrying out this process, you can use added ingredients or fillers or it can also be without added ingredients.
There are various kinds and types of electric welding machines, in this post we will discuss them one by one.

1. MMA

MMA stands for manual metal arc or often also called stick welding. We often encounter this type of welding machine in general, usually welding workshops on the roadside use a lot of this type of welding machine.

This welding machine uses a welding wire or electrode in the form of a stick. This type of welding machine is a type of welding machine that uses a transformer and inverter to convert the AC input voltage into DC voltage. This DC voltage will be used to carry out the welding process.

The way this welding machine works is by colliding positive current and negative current from the DC output so that a collision occurs and produces sparks using the electrodes.

There are various kinds of welding electrodes or wires depending on their use.

2. TIG

TIG stands for tungsten inert gas. This welding machine uses non-consumable or reusable electrodes and uses argon and helium shielding gases, or a mixture of both.

The welding process using a TIG welding machine can also be done without the use of filler metal or additional materials. An electric arc is ignited between the tip of the tungsten electrode and the workpiece surface. An electric arc will melt the additive or filler material, the weld area will be protected by an inert gas, this inert gas is usually argon gas or has helium.

For this type of welding, the tungsten electrode does not melt, the electrode here only serves to generate an arc. Filler metal that is manually entered into the arc will melt with the workpiece and then harden simultaneously.

3. MIG

MIG stands for metal inert gas. The working process of the MIG welding machine is to use an electrode in the form of a coil of wire whose movement is regulated by an electric motor. An electric arc will light up at the end of the electrode wire and then the wire will light up when it touches the workpiece and blends with the workpiece.

Unlike the TIG welding machine which uses argon gas or helium gas to protect the welding area, the MIG welding machine uses CO2 gas to protect the weld from oxidation.

4. Laser Welding Machine

If on other welding machines that use heat from the contact of 2 different poles, the laser welding machine uses the heat from the laser beam to melt the metal. This laser welding process uses a laser beam generator machine that is the source of the laser beam. The most commonly used laser light sources include gas lasers, fiber lasers, etc. From this laser beam-producing source the heat is transmitted to a point that can generate heat until it reaches the workpiece and melts the metal. The principle is almost the same as we use a magnifying glass to focus sunlight so that it produces higher heat.


Thus a brief discussion of the types of electric welding machines, may be useful.
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